Description
For more than a decade the EU has struggled to address the migration crisis emanating from the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region. CSDP missions since 2015 (Sofia, Irini) have saved hundreds of lives but have been subject to criticism for mixed messaging between a securitisation role and humanitarian intention. The mix may be inevitable and understandable but what measures would enhance both the role of the EU’s AFSJ and the CSDP humanitarian response and gain support from member states? The paper analyses the EU’s successes and shortfalls in addressing an ongoing crisis, and one overshadowed in recent times by the Russia Ukraine war and the ensuing energy crisis.
